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Woodworking Plans Projects:Among the various planes used by woodworkers are the following: block plane, smooth plane, jack plane, jointer and a special plane known as a combination plane.
Not all of these planes are absolutely necessary for simple work such as a beginner would do, but they are desirable. The smooth plane, jack plane and jointer differ only in their length, width of cutter or plane iron, and in the manner of shaping the cutting edge of the plane iron.
The jack plane, Fig. 18, is used for planing off rough surfaces or where it is desired to take off a large quantity of wood quickly. Since it is not expected to leave the surface smooth, this being done by means of another plane, the plane iron of the jack plane is ground rounding as shown in Fig. 18, B, this form of iron being better adapted for "roughing off."
The smooth plane, Fig. 19, is shorter than the jack plane. Since it is used merely, as its name implies, for smoothing off surfaces that have previously been straightened, or surfaces where straightening is not essential, the short length is an advantage rather than a disadvantage. Its plane iron is ground straight across with the corners very slightly rounded (Fig. 19, B).
For planing long edges straight, the jointer, Fig. 20, is used. Because of its great length it makes edge planing much easier than when the shorter planes are used. On account of its length, the high places must be cut off before the plane iron can touch the low places. Its iron is sharpened like that of the smooth plane—straight across.
The block plane, Fig. 21, is used for planing the ends of pieces of wood; for this reason no cap iron is necessary to break the shaving, there being none, only sawdust. It also differs from the other planes in that the bevel of the plane iron is turned up instead of down The block plane's chief advantage over the other planes for end planing lies in its being small enough to be operated with one hand, leaving the other free to hold the board.
The combination plane, Fig. 22, is used in making grooves, rebates, etc. By an exchange of cutters it may be made to take the place of a great variety of special planes.
Continued...
From the wonderful wood working book "Wood Carving" by Freda Skinner.
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